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Sarah's Key by Tatiana de Rosnay

Sarah's Key

20 min listen6 chapters3 partsPublished 2006

A Paris journalist's research into a notorious 1942 roundup leads her to a girl's terrible secret and to her own family's past.

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Spoilers are hidden by default. Plot details, character fates and the ending stay folded until you open them.
In Rosnay’s life

When it was written

Written
Mid-2000s
Publication
2006, Éditions Héloïse d'Ormesson (as Elle s'appelait Sarah, in French); English edition published in 2007 by St. Martin's Press

Tatiana de Rosnay is a Franco-British writer who grew up in France and has long been interested in the French memory of the Second World War. The novel was inspired by the Vélodrome d'Hiver roundup of July 1942, in which French police arrested thousands of Jewish people in Paris.

The book was first written and published in French as Elle s'appelait Sarah, and an English translation followed the next year. It became an international bestseller and brought wider attention to a chapter of French history that many readers knew little about.

What it’s about

Spoiler-free

In July 1942, ten-year-old Sarah Starzynski is woken by French police pounding on her family's door in Paris. Thinking the arrest will last only a few hours, she hides her little brother Michel in a cupboard, locks it and keeps the key. Then she and her parents are taken away with thousands of other Jewish families.

In 2002, American journalist Julia Jarmond lives in Paris with her French husband Bertrand and their daughter. Her editor asks her to write about the sixtieth anniversary of the roundup. Julia realizes how little she knows, and that it was French police who carried it out. Survivors' testimonies unsettle her, while Bertrand and his relatives show little interest.

The couple are about to move into an apartment in the Marais that has belonged to Bertrand's family for years. Julia begins to suspect it once housed a Jewish family, and Bertrand's grandmother reacts with distress when it is mentioned. At the same time Julia learns she is pregnant, though Bertrand has made clear he does not want another child. Past and present begin to meet.

This summary stops at roughly the end of the first act. Everything after that sits behind a spoiler gate.

Themes

Spoiler-free
  • Memory and silence

    The novel asks what happens when a nation and a family choose not to talk about the past. Julia finds that official forgetting is matched by private reticence, and that both protect people at a cost.

  • Guilt and complicity

    The roundup was carried out by French police, and ordinary people later benefited from what happened. The book looks at how responsibility is passed down and what it means to inherit a story you did not choose.

  • Childhood and innocence

    Sarah is a child who makes a decision meant to protect her brother, with no way of knowing what the world is about to do. Her point of view shows how history lands on the very young.

  • The pull of the truth

    Julia's assignment turns into a personal quest. The book explores the duty a researcher or witness may feel toward the dead, and the price of insisting on answers.

  • Marriage and independence

    Julia's research runs alongside strains in her marriage and an unplanned pregnancy. Her choices about what to believe and what to do become a question of her own freedom.

Characters

Fates hidden
  • Sarah Starzynski

    Jewish girl arrested in Paris in 1942

    A brave, quick-thinking ten-year-old who locks her brother in a cupboard to keep him safe. She carries the key with her and the promise to return.

    What happens to Sarah StarzynskiSpoilers
    What happens

    Sarah escapes Beaune-la-Rolande, returns to Paris and finds Michel dead in the cupboard. She is sheltered by the Dufaures but never recovers from her guilt and leaves them. Her later life is traced by Julia, and the notes leave her final fate open.

  • Julia Jarmond

    American journalist in Paris

    A reporter married to a Frenchman, she is assigned a story on the Vel' d'Hiv anniversary. It soon becomes personal.

    What happens to Julia JarmondSpoilers
    What happens

    Julia is still searching at the end of the summary, committed to remembering the truth whatever it costs, with her pregnancy and marriage unresolved.

  • Michel Starzynski

    Sarah's younger brother

    A small boy whom Sarah hides in a cupboard on the night of the arrest, trusting she will come back.

    What happens to Michel StarzynskiSpoilers
    What happens

    Michel dies in the cupboard before Sarah can return to free him.

  • Bertrand Tézac

    Julia's French husband

    A confident Parisian who dismisses Julia's growing involvement and wants to focus on renovating the family apartment.

    What happens to Bertrand TézacSpoilers
    What happens

    His impatience grows as Julia digs deeper, and he wants her to end the pregnancy. The state of the marriage is left open.

  • Mamé

    Bertrand's grandmother

    A fragile elderly woman who becomes distressed when the apartment's past is mentioned.

    What happens to MaméSpoilers
    What happens

    She stays guarded and fragile throughout, and her family's connection to the apartment is what Julia confronts.

  • Wladyslaw and Rivka Starzynski

    Sarah's parents

    A Jewish couple arrested with their children and held at the Vel' d'Hiv. They are later sent to Beaune-la-Rolande.

    What happens to Wladyslaw and Rivka StarzynskiSpoilers
    What happens

    The family is separated at Beaune-la-Rolande, where Rivka falls apart.

  • Gaspard Dufaure

    Boy from the farm family who took Sarah in

    He was a child when Sarah arrived at his family's farmhouse and remembers her as a silent, haunted girl.

    What happens to Gaspard DufaureSpoilers
    What happens

    He tells Julia what he recalls, but the family lost contact with Sarah after she left, leaving a gap Julia wants to close.

  • Bamber

    Julia's editor

    The magazine editor who assigns Julia the anniversary article.

    What happens to BamberSpoilers
    What happens

    He remains part of Julia's professional circle as her inquiry grows.

  • Franck Lévy

    Holocaust remembrance worker

    A man connected to a remembrance organization who helps Julia with her research.

    What happens to Franck LévySpoilers
    What happens

    He stays an ally in her search, which continues at the end.

Plot summary

Contains spoilers

Sarah's Key in 3 parts, in our own words.

This section gives away the whole story

Three short summaries, one per part, including the ending. Open it only if you have finished the book or don’t mind knowing.

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  1. Beginning

    The Cupboard and the Apartment

    In Paris in July 1942, a Jewish girl of about ten, Sarah Starzynski, is woken in the night by knocking at her family's door. French police, not German soldiers, have come to arrest them. Hoping to protect her younger brother Michel, she locks him in a hidden cupboard, tells him to stay quiet and promises to return. She keeps the key, believing the arrest will be brief.

    Sarah and her parents, Wladyslaw and Rivka, are taken to the Vélodrome d'Hiver with thousands of other Jewish families. The heat is intense, and there is almost no food, water or sanitation. Sarah clings to the key around her neck, tormented by the thought of Michel alone in the dark. Later the story follows her to the camp at Beaune-la-Rolande, where her mother falls apart and the families are separated.

    In 2002, Julia Jarmond, an American journalist in Paris, is assigned by her editor Bamber to write about the sixtieth anniversary of the Vel' d'Hiv roundup. She is shocked to learn how little she knows, and that French police carried it out. Her French husband Bertrand and his family are uncomfortable with the subject and dismiss her growing involvement. She interviews survivors and reads testimonies.

    Julia and Bertrand are about to renovate and move into the Tézac family apartment in the Marais. Julia begins to suspect the apartment once belonged to a Jewish family, and Bertrand's grandmother Mamé reacts with distress when it is mentioned. Julia also discovers she is pregnant, but Bertrand has made clear he does not want another child. Her research and her private life begin to converge.

  2. Middle

    Tracing the Starzynski Family

    Julia's research narrows to the Starzynski family. She learns that Sarah locked her brother Michel in a cupboard before the arrest, and that the family was held at the Vel' d'Hiv and then at Beaune-la-Rolande, where parents and children were separated. Julia becomes determined to learn what became of Sarah, whether she survived and whether anyone ever freed Michel. The story stops feeling like ordinary journalism.

    Julia's marriage grows more strained. Bertrand remains dismissive of her obsession and focused on the renovation, while she keeps her pregnancy secret and undecided. She comes to see that the Tézac apartment on the rue de Saintonge was the Starzynskis' home, and that Bertrand's family took it over after the family was deported. She senses that her in-laws may know more than they admit, and Mamé stays guarded and fragile.

    Julia's inquiries bring her into contact with Bamber, her editor Alessandra and Franck Lévy, who works with a Holocaust remembrance organization. She learns that Sarah escaped from Beaune-la-Rolande with a gendarme's help and was taken in by a farming family, the Dufaures. Sarah returned to Paris to free Michel and found him dead in the cupboard. Julia is haunted by this and feels morally bound to see the story through.

  3. End

    Following Sarah's Trail

    Julia's investigation deepens. She is now trying to trace Sarah's life beyond the camp and the Paris apartment, and the line between her journalism and her personal quest has disappeared. She presses on even though Bertrand grows more impatient and his family resists what she is uncovering. The apartment on the rue de Saintonge has become, for her, a symbol of silence and inherited guilt.

    Julia reaches Gaspard Dufaure, who was a boy when Sarah arrived at his family's farmhouse. He recalls a traumatized girl who barely spoke and was consumed by guilt over Michel. His mother tried to care for her, but Sarah's grief never lifted. Eventually Sarah left the family, and the Dufaures lost contact with her. This gap in the record becomes the problem Julia is determined to solve.

    Julia's private pressures grow alongside her search. Her pregnancy is still unresolved, and Bertrand wants her to end it. Her isolation within her own family sharpens as she confronts the Tézacs' connection to the apartment. The notes leave open what finally becomes of Sarah, of the pregnancy and of the marriage, and end with Julia still searching and committed to remembering the truth whatever it costs her.

Who it’s for

  • Readers of historical fiction about the Second World War
  • Fans of dual-timeline stories
  • Book clubs looking for discussion-rich novels
  • Anyone curious about French wartime history
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Content notes

  • Persecution and deportation of Jews
  • Child endangerment and death
  • Distressing conditions in detention
  • Family separation
  • Pregnancy and abortion pressure

Suggested age: 15+

About the author

Tatiana de Rosnay

Tatiana de Rosnay was born near Paris in 1961 and has a French father and an English mother. She spent part of her youth in England and later studied at the University of East Anglia, and she writes in both English and French.

She worked as a journalist and literary critic before concentrating on fiction. Her early novels were written in English, and she later began writing in French as well.

Sarah's Key became her international breakthrough and sold millions of copies worldwide. She has gone on to write further novels, including A Secret Kept and The House I Loved, which also deal with family secrets and memory.

More from Tatiana de Rosnay

Download Summary of Sarah's Key

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The full version contains spoilers, including the ending.

FAQ

What is Sarah's Key about?

The novel alternates between Paris in July 1942, when ten-year-old Sarah is arrested with her family and leaves her brother hidden in a cupboard, and 2002, when journalist Julia Jarmond investigates the Vel' d'Hiv roundup. Julia's research leads her to Sarah's story and to her husband's family apartment.

Is Sarah's Key based on a true story?

Sarah and Julia are fictional, but the Vel' d'Hiv roundup of July 1942 is real. French police arrested thousands of Jewish people in Paris and held many at the Vélodrome d'Hiver. The novel places invented characters inside that history.

What is the Vel' d'Hiv roundup?

It was a mass arrest of Jewish families in Paris in July 1942, carried out by French police. Many were held in the Vélodrome d'Hiver cycling stadium in terrible conditions before being sent to camps. The book is partly about how little this was discussed for decades.

Who are the main characters?

The two central figures are Sarah Starzynski, a Jewish girl in 1942, and Julia Jarmond, an American journalist in Paris in 2002. Around them are Julia's husband Bertrand, his grandmother Mamé, and Sarah's family.

What does the key in the title mean?

Sarah locks her little brother in a hidden cupboard to protect him and keeps the key around her neck. It stands for her promise to return and the burden she carries afterward.

Is Sarah's Key a difficult or upsetting read?

It is emotional, especially the scenes of the roundup and detention seen through a child's eyes. The prose is accessible and the chapters are short, but readers sensitive to the suffering of children may find parts hard.

Is the book originally in French?

Yes. It was first published in French in 2006 as Elle s'appelait Sarah, though de Rosnay is bilingual and the English edition followed in 2007. It has since been widely translated.

Is there a film adaptation?

Yes, a French film adaptation called Sarah's Key was released in 2010, starring Kristin Scott Thomas as Julia. It follows the same dual-timeline structure as the novel.

What happens to Michel? Spoilers

This answer explains how the book ends.Show spoilers

Michel dies in the cupboard. Sarah escapes from Beaune-la-Rolande with the help of a gendarme, returns to Paris, and finds him there. This discovery shapes the rest of her life.

How does Sarah's Key end? Spoilers

This answer explains how the book ends.Show spoilers

Going by the available plot notes, the story ends with Julia still searching for the truth about Sarah, committed to remembering it whatever the cost. What finally becomes of Sarah, of Julia's pregnancy and of her marriage is left open in these notes.

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